It was used at the nuremberg war trials, and by intentionalist historians such as hugh trevorroper and richard overy to. The document that he produced has become known, therefore, as the hossbach memorandum, and the meeting that it covered has come down in the history of world war ii as the hossbach conference. This work presents the historiographical debate surrounding hitler and his role in the third reich. In churchills analysis, the turning point was 1935 when germany rearmed. This book serves to explore the ultimate cause of itfascismand to educate readers on the history and motivation behind this complex political movement. The hossbach memorandum was the summary of a meeting on 5 november 1937 between german dictator adolf hitler and his military and foreign policy leadership where hitlers future expansionist policies were outlined. For all the ink spilled over the importance of ideology, lukacs thinks that the actual paper trail is thin. The hossbach memorandum in 1937 hitler called a meeting of the german war minister blomberg, three chiefs of staff and the foreign minister neurath. It was used at the nuremberg war trials, and by intentionalist historians such as hugh trevorroper and richard overy to prove that hitler. They are the result of a collaborative undertaking between our tutors, students and teachers from schools across the globe.
In the annals of military history magazines, this is one of those moments. This is an apolitical forum for discussions on the axis nations and related topics hosted by the axis history factbook in cooperation with christian ankerstjernes panzerworld and christoph awenders ww2 day by day. In november 1937 hitler held a highly secret meeting, known as the hossbach conference, at the reich chancellery to discuss nazi germanys future. Hitler and the hossbach memorandum 1988 history today. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. It used to be thought, both during the war and, under the influence of winston churchills massive, and widelyread five volumes on its history, that the war was caused simply by nazi aggression, and that the british and french should have stood up to it earlier. In november 1937 hitler held a highly secret meeting. Warfare history network the history of warfare delivered daily. The hossbach memorandum is the name given to the notes of a 1937 meeting with hitler made by one of the officials present. His account was found among the nuremberg papers, where it was an important piece of evidence. The hossbach conference of 1937 history learning site. The hossbach memorandum was written on november 10 th, 1937, five days after the conference had occurred. Patrick g zander this book is a valuable resource for understanding the character, development, and consequences of fascist dictatorships. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
These are the sources and citations used to research hitlers foreign policy. The origins of the second world war by richard overy nook. Some of taylors arguments, i believe, have since been refuted, though within historical circles and history alevel papers, his debate over the origins of the second world war continues. At the history place part of the world war two timeline the hossbach memorandum on november 5, 1937, adolf hitler held a secret conference in the reich chancellery during which he revealed his plans for the acquisition of lebensraum, or living space, for the. Hitlers second book, 4 year plan memorandum, hossbach. I have read several books books about adolf hitler, i find that this book covered his life history fairly succinctly. The meeting marked a turning point in hitlers foreign policies, which then began to radicalize. At this meeting hitler delivered a haranguing monologue which was recorded by a colonel hossbach. Taylors provocative revisionist study of the origins of the second world war. The hossbach memorandum was a note compiled by colonel count friedrich hossbach of a secret meeting between hitler and his top military and political leadership on the 5 november 1937. Whether it be arts and culture, politics, sports and beyond, or even just a livid, spirited rant. Hossbach made notes during the conference and used them to compile the memorandum.
It is sometimes known as the hossbach protocol or the hossbach niederschrift. Nov 08, 2016 to quote the actual hossbach memorandum. The meeting and its document were later to be at the core of the conspiracy charges against the nazi high command at the subsequent allied international military tribunal at. Sep 18, 2008 in this opening lecture in the series ill talk about the origins of the war. At that conference, hitler set forth his plans for aggressive war in europe. Military history and the social sciences potsdam, the journal of military history mgz is the. As many people know hitler was known to plan ahead with the goals he wanted to achieve, writing lists of what he planned on doing after he came to power. A good example is william shirers bestselling but unreliable rise and fall of the third reich, which alleged that the protocol recorded the decisive turning point in. A global history reader is designed as an introduction to the discipline of world history. Approximately 60 million lives were taken during world war ii. Unlike other source collections, exchanges helps students look beyond strictly delineated regionalism and chronological structures to understand history as a product of ongoing debate. The hossbach memorandum was the summary of a meeting in berlin on 5 november 1937 between german dictator adolf hitler and his military and foreign policy leadership in which hitlers future expansionist policies were outlined. Hitler reveals his plans to take over austria and czecoslovakia, if britain and france intefere hitler plans to attack.
At the history place part of the world war two timeline the hossbach memorandum on november 5, 1937, adolf hitler held a secret conference in the reich chancellery during which he revealed his plans for the acquisition of lebensraum, or living space, for the german people at the expense of other nations in europe. My new favourite line in a football history book came in his description of the year 1937. The most important piece of evidence produced to sustain this charge was and is a document known as the hossbach protocol or hossbach memorandum. International response to german aggression flashcards. Taylors the origins of the second world war is a great work, a memorable and pathbreaking work, of enormous importance in providing, at last, a revisionist history of the causes of 1939. The hossbach memorandum international historic films. The great man theory of foreign policy the new york times. Here the memorandum is presented as the decisive turning point in the life of the third reich. Hitler began by swearing the men to secrecy, then told them that in the event of his death the following exposition should be regarded as his last will and testament. Primary source 14 feb many thanks to the avalon project at yale university for this, they have archived one of the most crucial documents recorded during the twelve years of the third reich, the hossbach memorandum. Hitlers foreign policy history bibliographies cite this. Patrick g zander this book is a valuable resource for understanding the character, development, and consequences of fascist dictatorships, analyzing the rise of fascism in austria, germany, italy, portugal, and spain. The year of portent kindle edition by pyle, markham, wemyss, gmw. In mein kampf, although very unclearly, and i am not an expert in that publication there is no direct refernce to global domination if you wish, however when hossbach meeting takes place hitler and his chiefs of stuff seem to be ready to inavde soviet union as well.
The fuehrer began by stating that the subject of the present conference was of such importance that its discussion would, in other countries, certainly be a matter for a full cabinet meeting, but he the fuehrer had rejected the idea of making it a subject of discussion before the wider circle of the reich cabinet just because of the importance of the matter. During this meeting, the fuhrer discussed his motivations and intentions for a war of expansion in europe. Allen, the nazi seizure of power franklin watts, 1984 christopher browning, ordinary men harper trade, 1998 john le carre, spy who came in from the cold pocket books, 2001 robert proctor, racial hygiene harvard, 1989 dietrich orlow, a history of modern germany prentice hall, 2002. According to the memorandum, hitler did not want war in 1939 with britain and france. Hitlers germany and stalins russia 2004, which won both the wolfson and the hessell. Search the history of over 424 billion web pages on the internet. Some believe that the hossbach memorandum clearly indicates that hitler wanted war so that he could get for germany the living. This is the text of a memorandum prepared by thenlieutenant colonel friedrich hossbach in november, 1937, following a conference he attended on the 5th of that month. Read his discussion which may be found on my website. The hosbach memorandum is frequently quoted in popular historical works. In regard to coal, so far as it could be considered as a source of raw materials, autarchy was possible, but even as regards ores, the position was much more difficult.
This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on monday, april 25, 2016. As we shall see, this meeting and its document was later to be at the core of the conspiracy charges against the nazi high command at the subsequent. For this history guide, we outlined everything in condensed noteform so that it will be easy for you to grasp the material. It is one of the most talked about periods of history and still much debate as to whether the murders of thousands of innocent jews was planned from the beginning of hitlers rise to power. Hugh trevorroper hitlers war aims, 1960 used mein kampf 1924 and the hossbach memorandum 1937 as evidence that hitlers ideas were radical, and argued that these objectives were pursued with conviction and coherence to the end, hitler maintained the purity of his war aims. Countdown to war by richard overy is not a diplomatic history that forensically charts how and why france and britain went to war with nazi germany over their invasion of poland in the style of christopher clarks book sleepwalkers which documents the countdown to world war i. At the great postwar nuremberg tribunal the victorious allies sought to prove that hitler and his henchmen had engaged in a sinister conspiracy to wage aggresive war. It should be noted that david hoggan earned his ph. The meeting has thus come to be known as the hossbach conference or hossbach memorandum. Hossbach memorandum, 97867147085, please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from wikipedia or. Friedrich hossbach 22 november 1894 10 september 1980 was a german staff officer and infantry commander.
It has also the corollary merit, in passing, of providing important ammunition for cold war book. Thereafter, the bloodless conquests of both austria and czechoslovakia took place, roughly as outlined in the hossbach memorandum, leading the american prosecution team at nurnberg after the war to claim that it was the key document in its assertion that there had been a grand nazi conspiracy to launch world war ii dating from it. It contains no directives for action beyond a wish for increased armaments. The hossbach memorandum was the summary of a meeting on november 5, 1937 between german dictator adolf hitler and his military and foreign policy leadership where hitlers future expansionist policies were outlined. The hossbach memorandum is frequently cited in popular historical works as conclusive proof of hitlers plans for aggressive war. This dramatic and incredible story once read, is not easily forgotten. By focusing on the personality of hitler and the nature of his power, the author tackles questions that are central to any understanding of national socialism. The famous hossbach memorandum of 1937, in which hitler outlined his plans for war to his service chiefs, scarcely mentions the soviet union.
The hossbach memorandum was the summary of a meeting in berlin on 5 november 1937. The meeting marked a turning point in hitlers foreign policies, which then began to radicalise. Some believe that the hossbach memorandum clearly indicates that hitler wanted war so that he could get for germany the living space in eastern europe he. This is a pretty good read that someone could complete and 45 minutes. Hossbach memorandum 1937 ahitler outlines goals with military. The hossbach memorandum a summary of a 1937 meeting between hitler, ministers and military commanders, where war plans were discussed.
The hossbach memorandum the hosbach memorandum is frequently quoted in popular historical works as a definitive proof of hitlers plans for aggression war. Ajp taylor, adolf hitler, and the origins of the second world. The hossbach memorandum the hossbach memorandum in 1937. The hossbach memorandum was a certified photocopy of a microfilm copy of a retyped certified true copy, prepared by an american, of a retyped certified true copy, prepared by a german, of unauthenticated handwritten notes by hossbach, written from memory five days after the discussion led by hitler on 5 november 1937. The hossbach memorandum also provides the key to an understanding of the munich crisis. He has authored and edited more than 30 books on the european dictators, the second world war and the history of air power, including the air war 19391945 2006, second edition, why the allies won 2006, second edition, the dictators. He told them he had been mulling over these ideas for 4 and a half years since he came to power. As you read through this chapter, consider whether or not you agree with churchills perspective on events leading to war in europe. Hoggans analysis of the socalled hossbach memorandum is excellent. Hitlers conference on november 5, 1937 was not evidence that hitler was planning a war of criminal aggression. Friedrich hossbach 22 november 1894 10 september 1980 was a german staff officer in the wehrmacht who in 1937 was the military adjutant to adolf hitler. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading 37. From 19341938, he served as adolf hitler s military adjutant.
The hossbach memorandum was the summary of a meeting on november 5 1937 between german dictator adolf hitler and his military and foreign policy leadership. Review of the origins of the second world war mises. Published by the zmsbw center for military history and the social sciences potsdam, the journal of military history mgz is the successor. Key to taylors study is the proposition that hitler whilst in part guilty for contributing to the outbreak of wwii, should not be charged with complete blame for the war, as if. Notes taken by colonel friedrich hossbach at a meeting of the nazi high command 161. Taylor wrote that the hossbach memorandum does not. The pact of friendship and alliance between italy and germany or the pact of steel 164. Richard overy is professor of history at the university of exeter.
The paradox of that episode is that germany and all the world saw in it a great triumph for hitler because he got the sudetenland, whereas hitler was in a fury because he had been deprived of his entry into prague. In short, i would highly recommend this book to anyone interested in world war ii. The hossbach memorandum was a written summary of a november 1937 meeting between adolf hitler and several of his ministers and military commanders. Friedrich hossbach who took the notes, the foreign minister, the war minister and the.
And it describes the hossbach memorandum of november 1937 as. In the field of raw materials only limited, not total, autarchy. Hossbach created the document which later became known as the hossbach memorandum. We are proud to present our study guides and hope that you will. Written by colonelgeneral johannes blaskowitz, commander of the oberost military region, poland 167. From 19341938, he served as adolf hitlers military adjutant. Required reading the following books are available for purchase at barnes and noble. A veteran of world war i, a soldier of the old school, and an opponent of nazism, hossbach ran afoul of hitler in 1938 over false allegations that another officer was a homosexual. The book is rich in argument and strong in analysis, but above all the theme that stands out is taylors portrayal of hitler as an ordinary german who achieved his objectives through patience by letting the failures of others become his successes. There are moments in military history that forever alter the flow of human events. According to the tj index, 17721778 description begins thomas jefferson manuscript indexes for the memorandum books, 17671826, bound with them, except for 1773 unlocated, 17761778 and 17791782 viu description ends, this was thomas pleasants d.
P taylors book, the origins of the second world war has been at the heart of controversy because of his unorthodox treatment of hitlers contribution to the outbreak of war. It was based on the proceedings of the hossbach conference, a top secret meeting held by hitler on 5 november 1937 to discuss nazi germanys future. The hossbach memorandum was written by friedrich hossbach, adolf hitlers adjutant. His book the course of german history, had been commissioned during the war by the political warfare executive of the government but rejected because it was too antigerman as well as because, as the man who recommended its rejection, the leftwing german exile francis carsten, once told me, it. Apr 03, 1994 as for the hossbach memorandum, it recorded a meeting involving only seven people. A good example is william shirers bestselling but unreliable rise and fall of the third reich, which alleged that the protocol recorded the decisive turning point in the life of the third reich. This book is a valuable resource for understanding the character, development, and consequences of fascist dictatorships. In summary, the meeting documented in the hossbach memorandum.
Hossbach memorandum wikimili, the free encyclopedia. I also enjoyed what i took to be david hunts rather sly senseofhumour. Jun 05, 2015 the hossbach memorandum was written by friedrich hossbach, adolf hitlers adjutant. Henry kissingers diplomacy is a book of maxims disguised as a history of statecraft. Friedrich hossbach, hitlers adjutant a military officer who works as an administrative assistant to a more senior officer wrote the hossbach memorandum on 10 november 1937. William shirers the rise and fall of the third reich is a good example. Start studying international response to german aggression.
The hosbach memorandum is frequently quoted in popular historical works as a definitive proof of hitlers plans for aggression war. At the meeting, hitler discussed his plans for foreign policy in the years ahead. He wanted small wars of plunder to help support germanys struggling economy. A good example is william shirer s bestselling but unreliable rise and fall of the third reich, which alleged that the protocol recorded the decisive turning point in the life of the third reich. This book is for anyone who would like to learn more about hitlers rise to power by covering only the highlights of his life and career. The meeting and its document were later to be at the core of the conspiracy charges against the nazi high command at the subsequent allied international military tribunal at nuremberg following the end of world war ii.
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